Overview of Main Electric Subsystems of Zero-Emission Vehicles

The rapid growth of the electric vehicle market has stimulated the attention of power electronics and electric machine experts in order to find increasingly efficient solutions to the demands of this application. The constraints of space, weight, reliability, performance, and autonomy for the power train of the electric vehicle (EV) have increased the attention of scientific research in order to find more and more appropriate technological solutions. In this chapter, it proposes a focus on the main subsystems that make a zero-emission vehicle (ZEV), examining current features and topological configurations proposed in the literature. This analysis is preliminary to the various electric vehicle architectures proposed in the final paragraph. In particular, the electric drive represents the core of the electric vehicle propulsion. It is realized by different subsystems that have a single mission: ensure the requested power/energy based on the operating condition. Particular attention will be devoted to power subsystems, which are the fundamental elements to improving the performance of the ZEV

A Full Order Sensorless Control Adaptive Observer for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator

This paper presents a sensorless control for a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) in the context of grid-connected turbine-based wind generation systems. The paper proposes a full order adaptive observer able to track with excellent accuracy the DFIG rotor position even in presence of significant parameters deviations. The developed adaptive observer is coupled with a traditional stator flux based Field Oriented Control (FOC). The novel approach has been validated by an extensive numerical analysis

Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) in Connected or Weak Grids for Turbine-Based Wind Energy Conversion System

In the last thirty years the quantity of wind electricity generation has grown significantly due to its high-power density. Advances in wind energy technology have significantly decreased the cost of producing electricity from this renewable source. Nowadays, the generation of energy from wind sources plays a crucial role to increasing the green energy. In this context, wind energy conversion systems (WEC) must guarantee, in connected or weak grid operation, good stability in balanced or unbalanced conditions, high efficiency, high reliability and maximum power tracking in order to achieve the best performance when operating conditions vary

SISTEMA PER LA CARICA DI VEICOLI ELETTRICI

The present invention concerns a modular multilevel power converter architecture for DC ultra-fast charging station of road electric vehicles (EV) with the integration of distributed energy storage systems, which work as energy buffer between the grid and the electric vehicle in recharge. This topology is developed in order to reduce power requirements from the grid during the ultra-fast recharging phase. This is achieved by interfacing the main AC grid (low or medium voltage) and Electric vehicles by means N-sub-module. Each sub-module is composed by more independent cascade Ac/Dc and DC/DC power converters integrated on one single board. The choice of number converters to be implemented on single board depends on of electrical source and storage to be inter-connected. The control strategies are implemented on single board

Integrated BMS-MMC Balancing Technique Highlighted by a Novel Space-Vector Based Approach for BEVs Application

This paper proposes a new mathematical model of modular multilevel converters for battery electric vehicles with space-vectors enabling a critical analysis of cell balancing for the battery management system. In particular, the requirements for power balancing and the actual number of degrees of freedom of the control are investigated. The paper shows that the traditional approach of cell balancing is a special case of the proposed control methodology. Numerical analyses with Matlab/Simulink™ highlight the reasons of the slow response of the standard balancing technique for specific operating conditions of the battery electric vehicle. The paper suggests potential improvements that could be introduced through the proposed generalised approach